全球大崩盘将带来“前所未有”的印钞潮——随后是2万美元黄金、1000美元白银:David Hunter
- Hunter再次上调爆发式上涨目标:标普500指数10000点、Nasdaq 36000点、Russell 4000点、Dow 70000点——他预计今年还有约25–30%的涨幅。 他认为市场“很可能已经进入抛物线阶段”,后续回撤可能只有1–4%;推动力来自自2022年10月低点以来一直“与这波行情对抗”的机构,以及如今才开始追赶行情的卖方机构(已有7或8位策略师看至8000点以上)。
- 另一面是规模“超过2008–09年”的全球性崩盘,可能伴随约80%的暴跌——标普500指数从10000点跌至2000点——并形成一个高点“可能几十年都无法突破”的长期顶部,类似1989年的日本。 他认为始于1982年8月、当时Dow仅780点的44年长期牛市即将结束;在这种情形下,“买入并持有策略会让你失望”。
- 他预测中最可确定的部分是政策回应:“每家央行的每个角落都会有资金涌出”,美联储可能释放20万亿美元以上,印钞规模将“前所未有”。 如果系统跌过悬崖,这些资金会推动周期性反弹——标普可能在1年半到2年、甚至更短时间内从2000点反弹至8000点——但到2030年代中期,高点大概率越来越低,低点也可能进一步下移;他另以约50万亿美元的全球货币规模作为需求刺激的示意。
- 经过约2年的滞后,印钞将点燃一轮约45–50年未见的通胀周期:先经历1年通缩式崩盘,再到个位数通胀,最终在下一个十年初达到20–25%,10年期收益率则从零附近升向接近20%。 市场领涨将转向老牌工业和大宗商品公司——Caterpillar、Deere,以及金、银、铜生产商——而被动持有标普500指数的投资者会发现,“你的权重配置完全反了”。
- 贵金属路径是:白银本轮涨至200美元(目标从约125美元上调至约170美元、再上调至200美元),随后在崩盘中回撤50–75%至约50美元,并在2032–33年前后升至1000美元;黄金先涨至7000美元,再回落至3500–4000美元,最终升至2万美元;铜则可能是“20美元或30美元,谁知道呢”。 短期来看,他确信白银从50美元涨至122美元后的回调底部在55–56美元,下一站是72美元;至于Michael Oliver更高的目标,他表示:“我自己达不到那个数字……但我不认为他疯了。”
- 他认为“利率昨天见顶”,美元将跌至约83,这将成为黄金上涨的重要推动力,而日本是崩盘中的关键变数。 数十年的零利率政策曾让货币理论看起来已经失效,如今通胀和利率正在一个高度加杠杆的系统中突破上行。面对全球330万亿美元以上的债务,他不认为会出现主权债务危机,因为政府拥有印钞机;真正的问题将出在私人债务,包括商业地产、私人信贷和私募股权。
- 仓位上,他看XLF升至90,认为较当前水平涨幅将超过50%,因为“未来本该用2到3年实现的回报,会在几个月内兑现”;但面对崩盘,保护资产的首选是美国国债,以及每家机构25万美元以内、由FDIC承保的储蓄存款。 他的行为警告是:如果过早离场,最后的抛物线冲刺“会把你重新吸回去”,而且恰好是在顶部。
1. 目标再次上调——抛物线行情可能已经启动
- 自上次接受采访以来,Hunter再次上调指数目标:标普500指数10000点、Nasdaq 36000点、Russell 4000点、Dow 70000点——视指数不同,意味着还有25–30%的上涨空间,而且他认为今年就能达到。月线图上,走势“已经更加垂直”;虽然他不会在行情走完前确认是否已进入抛物线阶段,但“我们很有可能就这样继续涨下去”,期间回撤仅1–4%。
- 驱动力仍是“怀疑之墙”:机构自2022年10月低点以来一直在对抗行情,每次抛售都让它们更加看空,迫使它们在每次上涨时追高。如今已有7或8位卖方策略师把目标放到8000点以上(“Denny已经看到8400点”),但还没有人真正理解,“垂直上涨阶段可以在很短时间内走出很远”。
- 顶部将由情绪决定:当市场变得鲁莽,“华尔街和散户全都满仓”时,顶部就会出现。他对半导体行业的观察是,策略师都坚持认为这一轮需求周期不同,但“没人谈论重复下单……事情总是会变成这样……然后突然戛然而止,所有人都争着逃命”。他认为今年出现顶部的概率很高,但“不能说不可能延续到明年”。
- 他认为距离真正的危险点还有几个月:利率不是当前问题,但私人信贷和私募股权已经出现早期风险信号,AI领域也存在泡沫,这些迹象正在积累,但还不足以说明崩盘即将发生。
2. 战争、霍尔木兹海峡关闭——市场却仍在上涨
- Jesse的问题是:全面中东战争爆发,霍尔木兹海峡实际上被关闭,全球20%的能源供应面临风险——多数分析师本会预期市场回调,但新高仍在不断出现。Hunter的解释是,冲突爆发时全球“油多得泛滥”,油价150美元的叙事“正在被证伪”,OPEC甚至不得不限制供应;油价可能涨到80多美元,但在他看来不会高出太多,已经低于此前冲上120美元的判断。
- 按他的地缘政治判断,充斥反特朗普和TDS情绪的媒体掩盖了一个事实:伊朗空军和海军基本已经被摧毁,货币也遭到重创;他不相信伊朗能“在几个月内重建核能力,同时还要设法生存”。相较于那些纸上谈兵的将军,Trump“表现出了良好的克制”;“市场整体凭借其无限智慧,仍在持续认识到真正的事实”——伊朗正在变得不再那么危险。这场战争与2025年的关税一样,都是“怀疑之墙”的燃料。
3. 崩盘将超过2008–09年——印钞是最可确定的部分
- Hunter的核心判断是:下一次信贷危机将超过2008–09年,当年金融系统“恰好及时从悬崖边退了回来”。如果这次真的跌过悬崖,央行行长们“别无选择”——美联储可能释放20万亿美元甚至更多,印钞规模将“前所未有”(“like there's never been money printed before”)。
- 崩盘的数学关系是:如果标普500指数下跌80%或接近这一幅度,就会从10000点跌至2000点。即便在1年半到2年、甚至更短时间内反弹至8000点,仍比前高低2000点;随后高点会越来越低,并最终大概率在2030年代中期创出更低低点。参照系是1989年的日本:“这一轮市场周期的高点可能几十年都无法突破”,所以在连续40年奏效之后,“买入并持有策略会让你失望”。
- 对Jesse关于周期性顶部还是长期顶部的问题,他的答案是:自1982年8月以来只有一轮长期牛市。当时他在Textron管理资金,Dow约780点时曾告诉投资委员会保留现金、等待机会;这轮牛市由利率下行推动市盈率扩张。如今方向反转:崩盘期间10年期收益率降至零,随后随着通胀从负值升至25%,收益率攀升至接近20%,估值倍数被压缩。他认为股市今年见顶,债券长期牛市则在2027年末或2028年初见顶。
- 他后来提到的约50万亿美元全球货币规模,是用于说明需求可能获得的刺激,并非央行具体印钞规模的预测。
4. 下一轮周期属于大宗商品——被动投资组合的权重完全反了
- 通胀路径将是:先经历1年通缩式崩盘,随后进入低个位数、高个位数、两位数通胀,并在下一个十年初达到20–25%。滞后约2年后,约50万亿美元的全球货币规模可能推升电力、AI建设和美国再工业化的需求,但新增绿地项目供给有限,“唯一能调整的只有价格,而且只能直线上涨”。
- 市场领涨将转向老牌工业和大宗商品公司——“Caterpillar这类公司会跑出来,Deere这类公司也会跑出来”,此外还有白银、黄金和铜生产商。在他看来,拥有定价权、盈利增速超过通胀的公司才有机会跑赢。被动投资的陷阱在于,过去的领涨板块占据市值加权指数的大部分权重,因此标普500投资者可能进入下一轮周期时发现,“你的权重配置完全反了”——最重仓的是他预计会跑输的领域,最轻仓的却是新一轮领涨者。
5. 白银先到200美元再到1000美元;黄金先到7000美元再到2万美元——中间包含回撤
- 白银本轮将涨至200美元:目标从他在1月前后给出的约125美元,上调至约170美元,再在5月底上调至200美元;随后在崩盘中回撤50–75%,比如跌至50美元,再在2032–33年前后升至1000美元,不过“这个时间点的误差空间大到能开卡车穿过去”。黄金本轮涨至7000美元,回撤至3500–4000美元后再升至2万美元。铜则是“20美元或30美元,谁知道呢”。
- Jesse澄清,Michael Oliver的意思是,白银一年内达到1000美元“不会让他感到意外”,而不是预测白银一定会到1000美元。Hunter直言:“我自己达不到那个数字……但我不认为他疯了”,同时承认自己的目标可能“最终被证明过于保守”。
- 短期来看,从50美元到122美元的抛物线式上涨用了几个月才回调,但55–56美元是“正确的回调底部”,下一站是72美元,未来的回调“可能持续几天,但不会持续几个月”。Jesse指出,白银从20多美元涨到50美元时,人们还说50美元不可思议——如今在65美元附近,“所有人都在抱怨”。
- 对Jesse关于货币贬值的问题——无论是津巴布韦还是魏玛德国——Hunter说这“肯定会发挥作用”:美元将在6到9个月内跌至约83,这将是黄金涨至7000美元的重要推动力之一;此外,利率也在发挥作用。Hunter称利率“昨天见顶”,Bessent的声明也提供了助推,利率将跌破4%,随后向3%或更低迈进,为贵金属最后一段上涨铺路。
6. 日本是关键变数;美国国债和受保障现金是避风港
- 日本长期维持零利率政策,曾让人觉得“货币理论已经失效”;但Hunter认为自己“基本算是货币主义者”,被推迟的清算正在到来:通胀开始突破,利率跟随上行,而整个系统已经深度过度杠杆化。他预测日元兑美元汇率将从约0.0063升至0.0085。全球债务超过330万亿美元,“杠杆双向作用”。他不认为会出现主权债务危机,因为政府拥有印钞机;真正的问题将是私人债务,包括商业地产、私募股权和私人信贷。
- 持有到最后的情景是XLF升至90,他认为这意味着较当前水平上涨超过50%,尽管他并不确定XLF目前的价位,因为“未来本该用2到3年实现的回报,会在几个月内兑现”。但行为风险同样具有双向性:如果过早离场,眼看抛物线行情继续上涨,心理“会把你重新吸回去……最后你会在顶部重新入场”。
- 崩盘期间的避风港,明确不是投资建议:美国国债排在首位,长久期资产在利率下行时回报最高,但如果判断错误,波动也最大;其次是每家机构25万美元以内、由FDIC承保的储蓄存款——印钞机将为FDIC提供资金,“本轮不会,下一轮会”。他怀疑货币市场基金还会再次获得支持,以避免像2008–09年那样跌破面值,但对此并不确定,养老金基金同样不确定。欧洲可能出现内部纾困,美国出现的概率较低。垃圾债和股票“都可能让你亏很多钱”。
I’m calling for a global bust, which I believe is something bigger than 2008–09 in terms of a credit crisis. When the financial system is free-falling, you will see money coming out of every corner of every central bank, to the tune of, I think, maybe $20 trillion or more from the Fed. We’re going to see money like there’s never been money printed before.
I’m calling for silver to go to 200 this cycle, and I’m calling for gold to go to 7,000 this cycle. Then I’m calling for probably 20,000 in 2032 or 2033, because the demand for commodities is going to be huge. As that demand outstrips supply by a big amount, the only thing that can give is price, straight up.
Where would you be looking in the market today for potential opportunity?
There are still 2- and 3-year returns ahead of us that are going to happen in a matter of months.
David Hunter, great to have you back on Commodity Culture. Let’s start off with how you’re currently viewing the broad market, because you’ve been calling for a blow-off top followed by a major global bust. We’ve certainly seen the big indices continue to rise higher since our last conversation, continuing to hit new all-time highs. Valuations continue to look very stretched here. How much higher could we go before it all eventually falls apart, in your view?
1. The Blowoff Top Continues
Hi, Jesse. Great to see you again. I remain very bullish. Since we last talked—I guess it’s been several months—I’ve raised targets again. I’m at 10,000 on the S&P, 36,000 on the Nasdaq, 4,000 on the Russell, and I’m up to 70,000 on the Dow.
So there’s still a ways to go. I haven’t done the numbers lately, but you’re talking in the range of 25% or 30%, depending on the index, still to go. I think those are targets for this year. I don’t do year-end targets, but I think we’ll get there this year.
I think we’re probably in the parabolic phase. If you look at it on a monthly basis, we have gone more vertical. We won’t know until after the fact if this is indeed the parabolic phase or whether we consolidate again for a month or 2 and go higher, but I think there’s a pretty good chance we just keep going here.
There’ll be 1%, 2%, 3%, or 4% pullbacks, depending on the index. I’m not saying it’s straight up, but it’s pretty much clear sailing from here. As I’ve been saying for a long time, particularly institutional investors have fought this thing from the October 2022 low. They’ve remained skeptical, so there’s been a wall of worry to draw from. That’s the fuel for the next advance.
Each time we sold off, they got more bearish, and that just meant that as it turned back up, they’d be chasing. We’re at the point now where you’re starting to see targets raised more aggressively. There are 7 or 8 strategists out there over 8,000 now.
I’ve been way above the Street for a long time and remain way above the Street in terms of my targets, but you are seeing more catch-up now. You’re seeing, at least on the sell side, the strategists starting to realize this thing has legs. They’re still not at the point of understanding that the blow-off—the vertical part of this—can cover a lot of ground in a hurry.
You’re starting to see it. I think Denny’s got 8,400, and there are a couple of guys out there at 8,200. You’re starting to see it, and I think those numbers are going to continue to rise right into the fall and maybe a little beyond. To me, it’s as bullish as can be. There’s trouble on the other side of this, but for now, I think there’s very strong momentum ahead.
2. Why Markets Ignore Iran
If you had told most analysts before this war in Iran, before rumors of it starting were swirling and before, of course, it kicked off—let’s say we’re back in mid-2025—“Hey, there’s going to be basically a full-blown war in the Middle East, the Strait of Hormuz is going to be closed effectively, we’re going to lose 20% of the world’s energy supplies, and we’re going to lose fertilizer and fertilizer inputs,” I think most analysts would probably have said, “Well, we’re probably going to see a big correction in the broad market at that point.” Yet that hasn’t been the case at all. It’s been pretty surprising to a lot of analysts out there. What’s your take on why the market seems to be completely ignoring or discounting this conflict and the closure of the strait?
Not to mention that if somebody told you 2 years ago that we were going to have tariffs, and that they were going to be big tariffs, at least for a while, people—just as they did in April 2025—would have sold the market down and not expected it to go up. It continues to fight all these things that can cause a lot of concern and worry.
In this case, I think we entered this with oil. We were awash with oil around the globe, and inventories were pretty strong. Obviously, we’ve drawn down inventories, and you still hear a narrative out there that oil is going to go to 150 because there just isn’t enough out there. That’s all proving false. OPEC is having to constrain oil because prices go down.
I think, short-term, you can get oil up into the high 80s, but I don’t think it’s going much beyond that. Obviously, it’s down from 120 on the original spike. It’s amazing to me, and the media has a lot to do with this, to look at the annihilation that we carried out in terms of the military in Iran.
I realize they’ve got drones and cheap technology that can cause a nuisance, but we’ve taken out their air force and navy pretty much. We’ve eliminated an awful lot of their threat. People can argue that they’re rebuilding their nuclear capability while we sit here in a pause, but I have a hard time believing that.
I think people hear the media, which is very much anti-Trump and TDS and anti-American, and they just take it at face value. You don’t all of a sudden rebuild a nuclear capability in a matter of months while you’re fighting and trying to survive. It doesn’t make any sense, and yet people believe that. Even on Wall Street, you’ve got people believing those things.
I see that all as contributing to the wall of worry, and the market, in its aggregate and its infinite wisdom, continues to recognize the real truth, which is that Iran is becoming less and less of a threat. We’ve got the blockade in place. Their currency has been decimated. It’s hurting the whole country, and we don’t want to hurt the Iranian people, but they’re on board with this too because they want that regime gone.
I’m not nearly as bearish as everybody else about how this is being executed, or what it’s doing in terms of the Strait of Hormuz, or any of that. I really do think that if we’re patient and sit back here, it’s not going to be a long time before Iran has to, one way or the other, surrender.
How that all works out—in an agreement or through a takedown of the regime—I’m not sure. I’m not naive, and I do understand that people don’t want boots on the ground. It’s very hard to finish the job without boots on the ground.
More than anything, Trump doesn’t want to destroy the economy for the people, so he’s been a little more measured. Lots of armchair generals think we should just go in, bomb the hell out of them, and get it done. That’s nice to talk about or conduct in a video game. It’s just not reality. I think Trump is showing good restraint, not bad restraint.
3. Reading The Market Top
What are the signs you’ll be looking for that we are reaching the top? You mentioned a 10,000 target on the S&P. Also, how hard and how sharp could the drop-off be afterward? For those who are long the market, if you stay long for an extended period of time and don’t see the warning signs that the market is rolling over, you could get caught and end up having a lot of your capital wiped out. How do you mitigate that sort of risk?
Obviously, as a contrarian, and throughout my career, sentiment plays a big role. When you’re trying to time a top—which everybody is advised not to do by all of the financial industry—but if you are trying to figure out when the top is, it’s usually driven by sentiment.
You get to a point where people are over the top with bullishness. They aren’t being conservative with their money. They’re getting reckless because it’s easy money. That’s a little of what we saw earlier in AI and things like that.
Once it gets really heated, as I say, once the Street is all in and retail is all in, when everybody’s saying, “This thing has legs. It’s going to run for a year or 2 or 3,” you’re beginning to hear that. You do have some of the strategists out there talking about, “There’s nothing that can disrupt this for a while.”
They look at semiconductors and memory, and they say, “The demand is so strong, it’s not like past semiconductor cycles. It’s going to be a couple of years before they can come online with capacity to meet it.” Nobody’s talking about double-ordering. Nobody’s talking about the fact that it always gets like this, and people always assume it’s going to be extended. Then it all of a sudden stops short, and everybody scrambles for the exit.
So, not just in semis but in the market, I think you’ll see that again. Bear markets haven’t gone extinct. We will have a serious bear market, but we’re just not there yet.
Now, are there warning signs in the economy? Sure. I think the issue—and it’s funny because people are focused on interest rates—is that I think interest rates peaked yesterday. So I don’t think interest rates are the problem.
I think it’s more credit issues. There are a lot of things under the surface: beginning signs of trouble in private credit and private equity, and AI may be getting a little frothy. All those things are there, but they’re not at levels yet where you’ve got to worry that you could wake up tomorrow and things are crashing.
At least, I don’t think so. I think you’ve got months to run before you get to the real trouble spots. So I keep saying we could see a top this year and likely will see a top this year, but this thing has stretched and stretched, so I can’t say it’s impossible that it goes into next year. But I think we’re getting ever closer.
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I think you’ve mentioned before that you think we could see up to an 80% crash in the big indices when this thing does roll over. In the aftermath of such an event, could we experience the lost decades that happened in the Nikkei after the 1990 crash? It took over 20 years to get back to previous highs. Could we be looking at something like that?
That would present a scenario where you don’t necessarily want to be greedy when others are fearful. What is your strategy? How long do you think the bear market could last, and what is your strategy in the aftermath of that drawdown in terms of potentially picking up things on sale?
4. The Bust Rewrites Investing
Yeah, I do think that there are comparisons to 1989 Japan. I’ve said for a while that I think the highs of this market cycle could stand for decades, which is what happened in Japan.
That being said, because I’m calling for a global bust, which I believe is something bigger than 2008–09 in terms of a credit crisis, the one thing that’s the most predictable in my forecast is how central banks and policymakers will respond. They won’t have a choice. If you ask them today, they’d say, “No way. We’re not doing that.” But they won’t have a choice when the financial system is free-falling.
You will see money coming out of every corner of every central bank, to the tune of, I think, maybe $20 trillion or more for the Fed. If you truly have a free-falling financial system, we almost got there in 2008–09 and pulled back from the cliff just in time. If this time we go over that cliff, there’s only one thing that moves quickly, and that’s liquidity in the system—printing money.
I think the most predictable part of the forecast is that, ultimately, we’re going to see money printed like there’s never been money printed before, at least in the world. That means you will have a recovery on the other side. You will have a bull market on the other side, but it won’t be a secular bull market.
We will see a secular top this year, meaning highs for a long time. But if you go down 80% or anything close to 80%, and just using the S&P number I have, it’s 10,000 down to 2,000. That gives you a lot of room if they’re printing $20 trillion in the US. That gives you a lot of room for it to go from 2,000 back to, let’s say, 8,000. You’re still 2,000 short of where it topped out.
I think that might take a year and a half or 2 years, or less, depending on how fast it happens. Beyond that, you’ll see lower highs and lower lows—or at least lower highs, and then ultimately probably lower lows out in the mid-30s.
You can have a period where you can make a lot of money, but if you just buy and hold and follow the mantra that’s been in place since the mid-80s—that “it’s time in the market, not timing the market” is what makes sense—it’s been the correct mantra and the correct strategy for the last 40 years.
But if you follow that through this period, you’re digging out of a very big hole, and you may not get your money back. This idea that we always go to new highs and that if you just buy and hold, don’t worry about it, and passively invest, you’re going to benefit from constant higher highs—that’s not necessarily going to hold.
Secular bull markets, when they’re 40 years old—this one is going on 44 years now—are an eternity for most people in markets. Certainly, there are an awful lot of people in these markets who weren’t around 44 years ago, so it looks like you always have a bull market, a secular bull market. But I think it’s coming to an end, and if it is, and if we get that bear market that I’m talking about, that buy-and-hold strategy is going to fail you.
5. Commodities Lead The Next Cycle
The other piece of it is that every market cycle—not secular, but every cycle—has new leadership. This one has obviously been tech and AI and some other things, but it’s been very much tech.
The next cycle is going to be old industrials and commodities. The Caterpillars of the world will work, and the Deeres of the world will work, but so will silver, gold, copper, and their producers.
The reason for that is because all that money that gets pumped in will, with a lag of a couple of years, jump-start a very big inflation cycle, the likes of which we haven’t seen in 50 years—or 45 years, going back to the early 80s.
It will start gradually. I think the bust will be deflationary, so you’re going to come out of a year of deflation. From there, you’ll see low single digits and then high single digits. By the turn of the decade, in the early next decade, you’ll probably be in double digits, maybe moving up toward 20% or 25% inflation.
The only stocks that can outperform in that environment are stocks that have pricing power and can produce earnings that outstrip that inflation. It’s going to get harder and harder to own growth stocks or slow-growing, stable companies, and it’s going to behoove investors to be in those things that are really moving up with inflation.
I think silver can go from—I’m jumping ahead probably—but I’m calling for silver to go to $200 this cycle, fall back 50%, 60%, 70%, or 75% in the bust, and then go from there. Let’s say it falls back to $50; you could go from $50 to $1,000 in the next cycle.
Gold could fall. I’m calling for $7,000 gold this cycle. It could fall back to $3,500—a 50% retracement—or $4,000, and then I’m calling for $20,000 next cycle, probably in 2032 or 2033, somewhere out there. Those are the kinds of things I’m looking at. Copper could go to $20 or $30. Who knows?
The demand for commodities is going to be huge, and we don’t have the supply. There hasn’t been a lot of new greenfield production, so it’s going to be a case where demand far outstrips supply.
You goose the system with, let’s say, $50 trillion in global money. That produces demand in the areas that are being built out—power, AI, reshoring here in the US, and so on—and that demands commodities in big ways. As that demand outstrips supply by a big amount, the only thing that can give is price, straight up.
The point is that the next cycle will be a very different cycle in terms of leadership. Those who are able to be nimble and go from today’s leadership to the next cycle’s leadership will be in good stead.
Those who just sit passively in the S&P, for example, don’t realize that the old leadership dominates because it moved up so much for a decade or 2 decades. It becomes the highest percentage of the portfolio if you’re in the S&P.
Because of the price moves, tech is a much bigger percentage of the S&P than our commodity stocks, and certainly than our gold or silver producers. So, next cycle, if you just stay with the S&P, your weightings are all backwards.
You’re most heavily weighted—even with the correction and the bear market—in those things that are going to underperform, and most lightly weighted, generally, in those things that are going to become the leaders. So, again, it’s important to understand how the dynamics of a portfolio work and be structured for that.
Great thoughts overall. I just want to pull on one thread there. You mentioned we’ve been in a bull market for 44-plus years. So, are you looking at the dot-com bust and the Great Financial Crisis as more secular—or, sorry, cyclical—downturns within a longer secular bear market? And if so, how will this bear market differ from those 2, which were cyclical?
Yeah, good question.
Yeah, I think it has been a secular bull market going back to August 1982. That's why I say we're right at 44 years. The Dow, just to give people a perspective, was at about 780. I was running money at Textron at that time; I was new to them and had been hired 6 months prior. I said, “Keep your powder dry. We're in a bear market. We'll get a bottom.”
So in August 1982, I went to the investment committee, and the Dow was at slightly below 780—about 780. The Dow's now in the high 50,000s, so the moves are incredible in terms of how much it's advanced over that time. Obviously, the Nasdaq even more, and the S&P has advanced a lot.
That's where the secular bull started, and it was the beginning of disinflation. It was the peaking of inflation, and a lot of the secular bull was driven by P/E multiples expanding as rates went down. It's an inverse correlation.
We're at that point where, in the next year or 2, we're going to reverse that. Rates, I think, can get to 0 in the bust and then begin a long climb from 0. I'm talking about the 10-year—a long climb from 0 to almost 20% as inflation goes from negative to 25%, and T-bills probably go almost to 25%. So you'll get the exact opposite of what you've had the last 44 years, where P/E multiples get compressed. You capitalize the earnings at a much higher interest rate because of compressed P/E multiples.
That's why you have that 44-year secular bull market. Even though rates have 2 more years—maybe another 18 months to go, or more—to a new lower low, the equity market peaks out because it's driven by not just interest rates but also earnings. Earnings will roll over with the economy and the global bust.
The market cycle, the stock market cycle, peaks, I think, this year or certainly soon after that. The bond market secular bull market peaks probably late next year or early in 2028. In that secular bull market, you had many cycles. You did have the dot-com cycle, and you had the housing cycle into 2007 and 2008. We've had different leadership during different periods in there, but we had recessions. Certainly, 2008 and 2009 was a Great Recession. What I think we'll have here is a bust—something I call not a depression because it happens fast, but something bigger than a recession.
6. Silver Targets Keep Rising
Let's dive into commodities a little bit and your price targets there. You mentioned silver. There are only about 4 people on this show who've mentioned $1,000 silver that come to mind: Michael Oliver, Lynette Zang, Francis Hunt, and yourself. Michael Oliver was very bold with his call. He believes silver could go to $1,000 within 1 year. He didn't call for that; he said it wouldn't shock him, so I just want to clarify that for people who are piling on and saying, “This guy's crazy.” He said it wouldn't shock him, but he has pretty high targets.
Could you unpack that a little bit for us? You said you think it's going to go to $200 this cycle, eventually correct in the bust, and then rise again, potentially up to $1,000. Is that correct?
Yep. I can't get there myself to Michael's numbers, but I don't think he's crazy, and I certainly don't discount his experience and knowledge. It's certainly possible to exceed my expectation for this cycle, but right now, $200 is as high as I can get, and I'd raised it. I had it at $125, I think, going into January, then raised it to $170, I think, and then raised it again to $200 at the end of May.
I'm pretty confident with the $200. I just can't get to the $300s, $400s, or $500s that Michael's talked about, and certainly not $1,000. The $1,000 figure for me is probably a 2032 or 2033 type period, but you can drive a truck through how much you can miss that by. It could be 2 years either way.
But it's really the next cycle getting driven, and it comes from a lower level in the bust. I do think the metals will, as they always do, get hit in a big market correction, in a recession, or, in this case, a bigger-than-recession-type downturn.
Those who are very turned off by the fact that silver got to $122, rolled over, and has been down for months—it shook out a lot of weaker hands. As you know, because we've talked about this for years, I was bullish on silver and gold 2, 3, 4 years ago, and it took a while to get going. Gold got going before silver, but silver took a lot of heat because, when it was in the mid-20s, it just couldn't get out of its own way. It would trade, particularly in miners, between the mid-20s and the high teens, and then it got up to 30 and backed off again.
People just didn't believe that it had the kind of legs that I talked about. When it finally broke out and took off, that's when people jumped on the bandwagon. They didn't buy it at 30 or 40; they bought it at 60, 70, or 80. Now they're really upset because they lost money.
That's markets. Once things get too bullish, the market has a way of basically bringing back the discipline and shaking out the weak hands. Because the run from 50 to 122 was parabolic and happened so dramatically, it took months to correct. Looking back, I can say I didn't know that it was going to take 6 or 8 months to get going, but I'm confident now that the 55–56 level was the correct correction bottom and that we have begun the turn.
Obviously, today it's coming out of a little bit of a pullback from yesterday, and it looks like it can go higher. There are still going to be pullbacks. You have to be careful with it. But I do think once it breaks above a certain level—and I'm not sure whether that's it—I see 72 right now as the next stop. I know Michael's probably talking higher than that.
There will be corrections along the way, but I don't think they're going to be long-lasting. They might last days, but not months.
Yeah, and it's interesting to point out that back when silver was range-bound between around the $20–$30 level, people would call you crazy for saying silver would get to $50, let alone $100, let alone—
Right.
—$120.
People who are upset about the silver price today, I mean, what do you want? We're at $65 here. Tell somebody at the beginning of last year, “Silver is going to 65,” and they would've said, “You're either lying or it's life-changing.” But now everybody's crying, so I think that's funny.
Gold: how much of the gold story do you think is a currency-debasement story, and how much of the broad market rising do you think is a currency-debasement story? Obviously, the extreme example we could look at is in hyperinflationary environments, such as Zimbabwe—the stock market went absolutely ballistic. I believe the stock market in the Weimar Republic in Germany went ballistic because of currency depreciation at such a rapid scale.
Do you think currency debasement is behind the rise in gold and the broad stock market as well to some extent? If so, how much?
Yeah, for sure, it plays a role. If you price gold in various currencies, you'll see differences in returns because currency matters. Obviously, the dollar in the last year has been up, and yet gold had a nice run. So it hasn't been the case in the near term.
But I do think the big move from, you know, $4,500, $4,400 or $5,000 here to $7,000, a lot of that is going to be currency. I have the dollar going to 83, something like that, over the course of the next 6 or 9 months, or less. If that happens, it's a big part of the move to $7,000, I think.
It's more than that, though. Obviously, rates coming down—which, as I said, I think rates peaked yesterday. I don't usually try to call things to the day, and I didn't call it, but I don't usually pinpoint things like that. It looks to me like you finally got to max pain, max bearishness, and what Bessent announced today helps.
I have rates going down from here for the next 18 months. It'll start gradually, but ultimately, like I said, you could get the 10-year down to 0. That first move down, let's say from the 4.60%–4.70% area down below 4%, is going to help gold. Rates will be trading down well while gold's moving up and silver's moving up.
Then I think you can get a faster move from there down to 3% or even below. That will be that final move up toward those numbers. As I said, I can only get to $7,000 on gold and $200 on silver, but it won't surprise me if those numbers prove conservative.
7. Japan Becomes The Bust Wildcard
How much trouble is Japan in right now? We just saw the U.S. essentially intervene in the yen market. A lot of people are talking about how this was to stop Japan from selling off a bunch of its Treasuries, considering it's in a pretty precarious situation right now. It's a net oil importer. I think it imports the vast majority of its hydrocarbons, and it gets a lot of those—I believe most of them—from the Middle East, so it's been hit a little bit hard. Although I believe they have made some deals with Iran to get some oil through the Strait.
And then, of course, the yen is dropping and Japanese bond yields are rising to historically very high levels. How much trouble are they in? And if things really go wrong there, could it reverberate throughout the global economy as well?
Yeah. I have said they are kind of the wild card in the bust. We don't really know what's going to trigger the bust or what's going to be the most dramatic piece of the bust. But certainly Japan is right up there as a candidate. They have maintained zero interest rate policy forever, and it basically looked like you could make monetary theory extinct.
You could print money forever and not have inflation. I'm a monetarist, pretty much, and I just think what we're seeing now is what should have been expected. At some point, yes, they are a more homogeneous society, and they had lots of things that helped them keep inflation in check for a while, but now it's breaking out, and so will rates. Rates track inflation, and that's their problem: for decades, they maintained this policy and thought they could get away with it.
Well, guess what? You postpone the monetary response, but it's coming now. I think during the next year you will see rates keep pushing up there, and I don't think they have the leeway to deal with that. I have the yen going—and I do yen-dollar, not dollar-yen—to 0.0085, and it's down around 0.0063-something, 0.00635, say. So I have the yen going pretty high here over the course of the next 6–8 months.
The dollar is obviously going to be down against the euro, the yen, and even the other dollars—the Canadian dollar and the Aussie dollar, et cetera. But I do think that in the bust, Japan is probably going to be one of the places where it's just overleveraged, very overleveraged to that policy. As I have preached over and over, leverage works both ways. On the way up, it enhances returns. We're seeing that here in our markets, in everything we do. And leverage decimates you, as we found out in 2008–09, on the other side.
So that's basically my reason for having a bust: we've got 330 trillion-plus in global debt out there. Certainly China's a big part of that. Certainly the U.S. is part of that. Japan's part of that. All Western countries are part of that. I'm not calling for a sovereign crisis because they have the printing press, but there's a lot of private debt out there that I think is going to have a problem.
Certainly commercial real estate—we'll find out there's another shoe to drop there. Private equity, private credit, et cetera. There's just plenty of candidates where, once this thing rolls over, once something triggers, you're going to see an awful lot of things show up.
And given everything we’ve discussed so far, where would you be looking in the market today for potential opportunity? Because obviously we’re in a very uncertain market environment. You believe that the broad market’s going to continue rising. That could be difficult to time for your regular average retail investor who doesn’t know how to look at charts and doesn’t understand a lot of the macro behind it. That’s the issue we’ve come to in today’s investing world, is this passive investing, as you were speaking of. People now believe that the stock market is a high-interest savings account, that you put money in it, and then you just wait, and over time, you’re just going to keep making more and more money. And I think I agree with you that that paradigm is rapidly changing. So with all that in mind, where would you be looking to invest today? I know you mentioned long-dated U.S. Treasuries before. Is that an area you’re bullish on, and anywhere else where you’re seeing potential value?
Yeah, so it’s a little tricky, and people jump ahead because I do have my zero-percent Treasury call, but it starts very slow. So there’s a period in here, and again, everybody has to figure this out for themselves based on their own experience and risk tolerance, et cetera. But we’re in a funny place where I have a 90 number for XLF, the financial ETF, and I’m not sure where that is now, but that’s a more than a 50% move from here, I think. And so there are still—I mean, when you figure the numbers, there are 2- and 3-year returns still ahead of us that are going to happen in a matter of months. So you have to look at both time and what the upside is. And so I just caution people, even though—and again, some people should probably, because I could be wrong. Lots of the call could be wrong, so you have to understand the risk we’re at when we’re this late in the game.
However, if I’m right, and there are 30%, 40%, 50% returns left in some of these areas, you run the risk that you jump out now and say, “I’m just not smart enough to time the top, and I’m nervous,” as you’ve been nervous since 2020. A lot of these people have been nervous all along, particularly institutions.
But if you jump out now, you run the risk that if you get this final parabolic run, psychology being what it is, it will suck you back in for a lot of people. And they’ll end up getting out, understanding what’s coming, but then getting sucked in by the fact that, “Hey, how do I know this is the top? I was wrong. I missed 30%, 40%, 50% returns, and people are telling me there are 2 and 3 years to go on this. I’ve got to get back in.” And then you get back in at the top.
So I just caution people, and again, it’s not advice. Everybody has to figure it out for themselves. But just know, if you decide you’re getting out early, don’t get swept up into the emotion of it.
Secondly, Treasuries will be, I think, at the top of the list of things that will protect you in the bust. There are very few things that aren’t going to go down, and Treasuries, I think, are going to be one, and that’s both from the very short end all the way out. If in fact rates are falling during the bust, as they should, the long duration is where you’re going to make the most money, but it’s also the place where, if I’m wrong, you’re going to have more volatility.
But Treasuries, I think, will top the list. FDIC-insured savings, which means up to $250,000 per institution, should be safe. With the printing press, I can say with confidence that they will fund FDIC to whatever is necessary to meet their obligations, their liabilities. So you don’t have to worry about, oh gee, the government might fail, and they won’t be able to cover it. Not this cycle. Another cycle, yes, but not this cycle.
And that’s why I’m not so concerned about a sovereign debt crisis. We could have some sovereigns that are in trouble, but they have the printing press.
The other things—so those are really the things. Obviously people with more experience can think about shorts and things like that. But for the basic person out there that doesn’t have investment experience, Treasuries will stand up, I think, in the bust. Savings accounts will, as long as you don’t get beyond that.
Will there be bail-ins? Possibly in Europe. We’ve seen that before, meaning that the deposit holder in the banks has to eat the loss, suffers. Here, I think it’s far less likely. We saw in 2008–09 they’ll step up, and again, they’ll print money like there’s no tomorrow to make sure they can hold the consumer together.
If you’re in a pension fund that gets in trouble, we don’t know. If you’re in a money market fund, the precedent is there that they went to “we won’t break the buck” last time in 2008–09. I suspect we’ll see that again just because I suspect we’re going to be printing money and looking for any place we can put it to hold the economy up. But we don’t know that. It’s not anything we can say for sure.
But those are the places, I think. If you’re in junk bonds, if you’re in equities, just know what happens in these kinds of conditions. They can lose a lot of money for you.
Great thoughts overall, and excellent conversation today, David. Tell us about Contrarian Macro Advisors. That’s your letter. How can people subscribe, and what’s on offer there?
Sure. I write a quarterly macro letter. It’s basically my forecasting letter, and I am on Twitter all the time, or X all the time, so people can get a lot of my views there. The letter just allows me—it’s longer form, obviously—where I can explain my rationale better and people can better understand it. So it’s not for everybody. There’s a cost to it. I think it’s a pretty reasonable cost given my track record, but that’s for people to decide.
I’m more than happy to put out what I put out on X. I get people who subscribe once in a while saying, “You give away so much for free.” And I go, “Yeah...” But I will say my subscribers, basically quarter to quarter, I hold on to 75% to 80% of my subscribers. So, you know, it’s pretty good in that business, I think. It tells you that people do see value in it. I’ve got people who have been with me for 5, 6, or 7 years. But anyway, the letter is a macro letter. It doesn’t provide advice. As I say all the time, I don’t provide advice. I forecast the markets and the economy.
And then people can sign up by direct messaging you on X, correct? To inquire about it.
Yeah, thanks. If anybody has interest, all they have to do is send a direct message to me on what they call XChat now, and I will provide details on the subscription, what information I need from you, how much it'll cost, et cetera.
Great. Well, I will put a link to your X account in the description below. David, as always, thank you so much for coming on the show.
Yeah, thanks for having me, Jesse.
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