Sourcery

Molly O'Shea × Annie Lamont

AI’s investable bottlenecks are shifting toward power, memory, cooling, and data transfer as Moore’s Law nears a physical plateau.Micron, SK hynix, and Samsung control 95% of memory, whose price rose 700% this year as hyperscalers absorbed supply.Photonics could relieve several constraints, with co-packaged optics expected beside GPUs within five years as memory pressure pushes specialized hardware beyond ever-larger models.

Molly O'Shea × Herwig Van Hove × Yannick De Koninck

AI’s next bottleneck is the interconnect fabric: models no longer fit on one GPU, while agentic calls make latency critical, putting photonics alongside compute as core infrastructure.Optical bandwidth addresses copper and power constraints, but lasers, tools, substrates, throughput, and yield remain scarce as NVIDIA’s demand shock runs ahead of supply; Themaa targets 2027 production and 2028 full ramp.

Molly O'Shea × Lior Susan

Eclipse is targeting the physical economy—about 85% of global GDP, or $100 trillion—where deglobalization, supply-chain vulnerability, government support, and customer demand are reopening neglected opportunities.With about $12.5 billion in AUM, roughly 90 portfolio companies, and 30 it helped build, its operators-with-capital model links CapEx, manufacturing, policy, and systems execution, while its free-cash-flow focus and non-formulaic incubation leave execution, timing, and repeatability as key variables.

Tony Kim × Molly O'Shea

AI has shifted value toward chips and hardware, with Kim estimating $30T+ there versus roughly $10T across software/services/internet.Base compute has jumped 10,000×, while the rebuild may require a trillion dollars this year and ten trillion over five years.Token factories may compress SaaS margins; memory and foundation-lab IPOs are watchpoints as Kim says his thesis may change.

Tony Kim × Molly O'Shea

AI has reset the market toward compute hardware, with Kim estimating more than $30T in chips and hardware versus roughly $10T in software, services, and internet.The resulting $1T of CapEx this year and $10T over five years is moving data centimeters and millimeters, but three-to-four-year fab cycles face memory shortages, making 2030 milestones such as quantum and orbital data centers key watchpoints.

Everett Randle × Molly O'Shea

AI is breaking the spreadsheet playbook: billion-dollar businesses can still lack unit economics or durable differentiation, and scale may increase impairment risk.Inference monetization can drive revenue from 1 to 30 to 300, while agents shift purchases toward intelligence or economic output.Frontier labs retain pricing power if recursive self-improvement works, but face a 95%-as-good open-source squeeze if capabilities plateau.