Dwarkesh Podcast

Dylan Patel × Dwarkesh Patel

AI scaling’s binding constraint is migrating to ASML, whose EUV capacity could cap annual AI-chip output at roughly 200GW by 2030.Supply scarcity is supporting H100 contracts near $2.40/hour against a $1.40 all-in build cost, while memory absorbs roughly 30% of Big Tech’s 2026 CapEx and new fabs arrive only in late 2027/2028.The central timeline risk is geopolitical: fast progress favors the US, but slower returns could let China’s verticalized supply chain scale past the West, especially if Taiwan is lost.